施工現(xiàn)場自制設備設計上的不安全因素。有的單位自制的簡易機械設備,由于受到主觀認識、技術(shù)水平、經(jīng)濟能力所限, 很容易存在安全隱患。在維修機械設備過程中，購買的配件貪圖便宜，質(zhì)量不合格的零部件裝配到機械設備上去, 成為事故的隱患, 如l根質(zhì)量不合格的剎車線導致一場重大事故，1條有質(zhì)量缺陷的輪胎都會在施工運行中導致爆胎，使車輛側(cè)翻發(fā)生重大機械安全事故等。在機械保養(yǎng)的過程中輔助材料不合格、不符合使用標準,就可以使機械發(fā)動機遭受很大損壞，不合格的鋼絲繩起吊重物等,都可能引起安全事故。設備調(diào)動頻繁，無法對機械設備進行徹底的維修保養(yǎng)，經(jīng)常帶病作業(yè)，在工作強度密集的情況下，操作手稍有疏忽就會釀成安全事故。
The construction site unsafe factors in the design of the homemade equipment. Some units of homemade simple mechanical device, due to subjective awareness, technology level and economic ability, it is easy to pose a safety hazard. In the process of maintenance machinery and equipment, to purchase the accessories covet is cheap, quality is not qualified parts and components to the mechanical equipment, become the hidden danger of accident if l root quality brake line, leading to a major accident, 1 the tire with quality defects will result in a blowout in the construction operation, make the major mechanical vehicle rollover accidents, etc. In the process of mechanical maintenance of auxiliary material is not qualified, do not accord with standard of use, can make the mechanical engine suffered great damage, the unqualified wire rope lifting heavy objects, etc., are likely to cause safety accidents. Equipment frequently and can't to complete maintenance of machinery and equipment, often work, in spite of under the condition of intensive work intensity, the operator slightly negligence can lead to safety accident.
3、機械設備安全管理中環(huán)境的因素
3, the environment factors in the mechanical equipment safety management
由于公路施工機械都是在高溫、嚴寒、多雨的天氣、軟地基、坡道等野外環(huán)境施工,再加上夜間施工照明不夠、交通狀況復雜等環(huán)境,容易造成事故。
Due to road construction machinery are in the high temperature, cold, rainy weather, the soft foundation, slope, such as outdoor environment construction, coupled with the night lighting is not enough, the complex traffic environment construction, easy to cause an accident.
現(xiàn)以施工現(xiàn)場最常見的壓路機的安全管理舉一個小列子：某項目經(jīng)理部在進行路基填方作業(yè)收工時，項目主要負責人在現(xiàn)場對現(xiàn)場負責人兼壓路機駕駛員做了施工任務和施工方法的安排和布置。深溝填方采用機械施工，用推土機開一條便道(180m，27°）連接溝底和地面，由一臺推土機用鋼絲繩拖拽一臺裝載機、一臺壓路機經(jīng)便道下到溝底。施工方法是由推土機向溝下推土，壓路機、裝載機在溝下作業(yè)。項目領導曾口頭交待機械送下去以后，不準再開上來，加油加水、機械故障維修都在溝底進行。機械將隨著大溝的填方上升，直到填平到位，自然升至地面?，F(xiàn)場施工一段時間后，壓路機司機私自想將壓路機回駐地，當壓路機爬到距溝底40多米(即將到地面時)，壓路機突然失去動力，開始下滑，當下滑至距溝底28m拐彎處發(fā)生側(cè)翻，壓路機司機被變形的駕駛室與方向盤卡住胸部，無法動彈，導致安全事故發(fā)生。
Now with the safety management of construction site of the most common roller to take a small example: a project in the roadbed fill operations intends to call it a day, the project principal at the scene of the scene and director of the roller driver to do the arrangement and layout of construction projects and construction method. Deep trench fill with mechanical construction, bulldozers to open a detour (180 m, 27 °) connection groove and the ground, by a bulldozer with wire rope drag and drop a loader, a roller by the walk down to the bottom. Construction method is by bulldozers to ditch the bulldozing, rollers, loaders in the ditch under the homework. Project leader had oral confessed after machine down, not to open up, gas and water, mechanical fault maintenance is done in the groove. Machinery will fill up with big ditch, until fill in place, the natural to the ground. Site construction after a period of time, want to secretly roller roller driver back to headquarters, when roller up to 40 meters from bottom () to the ground as soon as, roller suddenly loses power, began to decline, as fell to spacing groove 28 m turning occurs, roller by deformation of the cab driver and the steering wheel stuck chest, unable to move, lead to safety accident.
1、事故原因分析
1, analysis of the cause of the accident
1）技術(shù)交底方面
1) technical disclosure
(1)壓路機檢修保養(yǎng)不及時，設備技術(shù)性能不符合標準。（物的因素）
(1) rollers overhaul maintenance, not in time equipment technical performance are not up to the standard. (factors) of
(2)上下溝的便道坡度過大，不符合規(guī)定。（環(huán)境因素）
(2) up and down the channel service road slope is too large, do not conform to the rules. Factors (environment)
